49 Thanksgiving Potluck Ideas That Keep the Kitchen Smelling Like Gratitude

Hosting is a breeze with 49 Thanksgiving potluck ideas to choose from that keep the kitchen warm and inviting. Potlucks let you enjoy good company without all the cooking stress on your shoulders. Friends appreciate walking into the smell of something homemade. For me, those shared moments in a cozy kitchen make lasting memories.

Stuffed mushrooms with crispy shallots and parsley. — Savory Stuffed Mushrooms. Photo credit: Splash of Taste.

Creamy Pumpkin Soup

A mouthwatering close-up of pumpkin soup garnished with a swirl of cream, crunchy pumpkin seeds, a crispy slice, and aromatic sage leaves. — Creamy Pumpkin Soup. Photo credit: Hungry Cooks Kitchen.

Cool weather brings visions of warmth and comfort, especially in soup form. Bowls of this Creamy Pumpkin Soup draw smiles from guests gathering around the table. I always rely on it for autumn potlucks. Rich texture and gentle spices make every spoonful feel like a celebration of the season.
Get the Recipe: Creamy Pumpkin Soup

Buttermilk Biscuits

Three golden-brown biscuits are stacked, with the top one missing a bite. A small sprig of greenery with red berries is visible in the corner. — Buttermilk Biscuits. Photo credit: Hungry Cooks Kitchen.

Fresh, warm biscuits add welcome aromas to any Thanksgiving potluck spread. Soft layers in this Buttermilk Biscuits tempt guests to sneak one before dinner begins. I prepare extra so nobody misses out. The classic simplicity balances out all the rich dishes with pure comfort.
Get the Recipe: Buttermilk Biscuits

Creamy French Dauphinoise Potatoes

An oven dish with baked dauphinoise potatoes in it. — Creamy French Dauphinoise Potatoes. Photo credit: Splash of Taste.

Special occasions call for dishes that feel a bit fancy yet remain easy to love. People often rave about this Creamy French Dauphinoise Potatoes at holiday gatherings. I enjoy serving these silky potatoes for their decadent texture. Cream and tender slices create memorable moments beside traditional mains.
Get the Recipe: Creamy French Dauphinoise Potatoes

Mini Cranberry Brie Pull-Apart Bread

A baked pull-apart bread ring with melted cheese and cranberries on a gray plate, garnished with rosemary sprigs. — Mini Cranberry Brie Pull-Apart Bread. Photo credit: My Reliable Recipes.

Parties light up when gooey cheese mixes with tangy cranberry in bite-sized pieces. Guests can’t keep their hands off this Mini Cranberry Brie Pull-Apart Bread during autumn celebrations. I bring it for sharing at buffet tables. Quickly vanishing, it always adds festive flair to Thanksgiving spreads.
Get the Recipe: Mini Cranberry Brie Pull-Apart Bread

Loaded Potato Skins

Potato skins with sour cream and sliced scallions. — Loaded Potato Skins. Photo credit: Splash of Taste.

Gatherings get brighter when crispy potatoes come with a surprise inside. Plates featuring this Loaded Potato Skins empty fast because guests love the hearty filling. I bake them for big crowds in cool months. Each skin delivers comfort and flavor that fits every holiday mood.
Get the Recipe: Loaded Potato Skins

Spiced Pumpkin Coffee Cake

A stack of pumpkin coffee cake squares with crumb topping and white glaze, arranged on a wooden board. — Spiced Pumpkin Coffee Cake. Photo credit: Hungry Cooks Kitchen.

Coffee cake layered with fragrant pumpkin fills the room with anticipation. People draw close to taste this Spiced Pumpkin Coffee Cake on chilly mornings. I whip it up when potlucks need something sweet but not overwhelming. The unique blend of spices brings autumn front and center.
Get the Recipe: Spiced Pumpkin Coffee Cake

Savory Cornbread Stuffing

A metal spatula lifts a serving of baked stuffing topped with chopped parsley from a white casserole dish. — Savory Cornbread Stuffing. Photo credit: My Reliable Recipes.

Stuffing is an undeniable part of the Thanksgiving experience, especially in potluck form. Relief washes over everyone as this Savory Cornbread Stuffing arrives steaming hot. I rely on its rustic charm for classic celebrations. Satisfying yet surprising, it blends beautifully with turkey and sides.
Get the Recipe: Savory Cornbread Stuffing

Buttery Cheddar Biscuits

A close-up of several golden-brown biscuits stacked on parchment paper, garnished with a few sprigs of fresh herbs. — Buttery Cheddar Biscuits. Photo credit: Pocket Friendly Recipes.

Rich aroma and golden tops entice guests to taste the biscuit basket first thing. Smiles spread when people get this Buttery Cheddar Biscuits at group dinners. I make extra to soften the tension before the feast begins. Cheesy, crumbly textures always win hearts.
Get the Recipe: Buttery Cheddar Biscuits

Creamy Coconut Cream Pie

A slice of coconut cream pie on a plate. — Creamy Coconut Cream Pie. Photo credit: Splash of Taste.

Pie brings a sense of tradition and excitement every time dessert rolls out. Notes of coconut make this Creamy Coconut Cream Pie a showstopper among classic options. I choose it for groups craving something unexpected. Fluffy cream and sweet crust are unforgettable features.
Get the Recipe: Creamy Coconut Cream Pie

Cheesy Hashbrown Casserole

Hashbrown casserole being served. — Cheesy Hashbrown Casserole. Photo credit: Splash of Taste.

Potluck staples should be fun, simple, and ready to warm up a crowd. Comfort takes new meaning with this Cheesy Hashbrown Casserole among fall favorites. I bake it for busy gatherings needing guaranteed crowd appeal. Gooey layers provide easy eating for everyone.
Get the Recipe: Cheesy Hashbrown Casserole

Ambrosia Salad

Bright fruits and creamy dressing always spark curiosity at holiday tables. Compliments fill the room about this Ambrosia Salad once people scoop colorful servings. I whip it up for events needing something light and sweet. The combination makes for cheerful snacking between main dishes.
Get the Recipe: Ambrosia Salad

Savory Vegetarian Shepherds Pie

A cast iron skillet filled with vegetable shepherd's pie, topped with mashed potatoes and garnished with rosemary sprigs and chopped parsley. Two spoons are placed inside. — Savory Vegetarian Shepherds Pie. Photo credit: Splash of Taste.

Cold nights call for cozy meals, especially ones packed with hearty veggies. Guests dig into this Savory Vegetarian Shepherds Pie with genuine excitement. I turn to this recipe for potlucks with varied diets. Fluffy topping and rich filling bring order to busy tables.
Get the Recipe: Savory Vegetarian Shepherds Pie

Soft Garlic Knots

Close-up view of freshly baked garlic knots with parsley and seasoning, resting on a parchment-lined baking tray. — Soft Garlic Knots. Photo credit: Splash of Taste.

Sharing bread fresh from the oven is always special—especially when knotted and garlicky. The crowd buzzes for this Soft Garlic Knots at any celebration. I shape extra for guests who can’t wait to taste them. Pillowy bites add charm to the meal.
Get the Recipe: Soft Garlic Knots

Classic Apple Pie With Cinnamon

A slice of apple pie on a plate with a scoop of ice cream. — Classic Apple Pie With Cinnamon. Photo credit: Splash of Taste.

Pie slices disappear quickly when the aroma of warm apples fills the kitchen. Laughter follows the arrival of this Classic Apple Pie With Cinnamon on festive tables. I bake it for get-togethers focused on time-honored comfort. Cinnamon and fruit set the mood for gratitude.
Get the Recipe: Classic Apple Pie With Cinnamon

Veggie Thanksgiving Charcuterie Board

A colorful assortment of fresh vegetables arranged like a turkey on a wooden board, with a bowl of hummus decorated as a face using olives and a carrot. — Veggie Thanksgiving Charcuterie Board. Photo credit: Splash of Taste.

Color explosions blend perfectly into the working of a festive charcuterie display. Vegetarians feel included thanks to this Veggie Thanksgiving Charcuterie Board. I love watching guests gather around and sample each piece. Crunch and seasonal flavors make it a centerpiece of gratitude.
Get the Recipe: Veggie Thanksgiving Charcuterie Board

Apple and Cranberry Pie

A slice of mixed berry pie with a golden crust sits on a plate next to a spoon, with fruit filling spilling out. — Apple and Cranberry Pie. Photo credit: My Reliable Recipes.

Fruit-filled desserts feel right at home during autumn get-togethers. Compliments go around fast for this Apple and Cranberry Pie when dessert rolls out. I prefer it as a bright finish to holiday meals. Sweet and tart flavors combine for true crowd appeal.
Get the Recipe: Apple and Cranberry Pie

Moist Pumpkin Bars With Cream Cheese Frosting

A group of pumpkin bars with icing on top. — Moist Pumpkin Bars With Cream Cheese Frosting. Photo credit: Splash of Taste.

Cake bars always come with a fun, relaxed mood, especially during Thanksgiving. Groups look forward to this Moist Pumpkin Bars With Cream Cheese Frosting all autumn long. I slice big pieces for buffet-style evenings. Tangy frosting and spicy base keep people reaching for seconds.
Get the Recipe: Moist Pumpkin Bars With Cream Cheese Frosting

Fresh Beet Salad

A close-up of a salad featuring chopped beets, cucumber, feta cheese, walnuts, and fresh herbs on a white plate. — Fresh Beet Salad. Photo credit: Your Perfect Recipes.

Plates perk up with vibrant beet colors in the middle of a busy spread. Guests lean in for another helping of this Fresh Beet Salad during seasonal potlucks. I add it to feasts for balance and lightness. Crisp and earthy flavors create cheerful breaks in heavier menus.
Get the Recipe: Fresh Beet Salad

Spiral Pinwheel Sandwiches

Close-up of several tortilla pinwheel wraps filled with various ingredients including spinach, cream cheese, tomatoes, and other vegetables, arranged neatly on a white surface. — Spiral Pinwheel Sandwiches. Photo credit: Splash of Taste.

Swirls of flavor make party sandwiches a fun way to keep the crowd moving. Events charge up as soon as this Spiral Pinwheel Sandwiches hit the buffet table. I pack extra servings for fast-paced meals. Colorful layers surprise with each bite.
Get the Recipe: Spiral Pinwheel Sandwiches

Warm Apple Cobbler

A baked apple cobbler with a scoop of vanilla ice cream on top, partially served in a dish. — Warm Apple Cobbler. Photo credit: Hungry Cooks Kitchen.

Cobblers bubbling from the oven always spark conversations by the dessert area. People gather quickly for this Warm Apple Cobbler as its aroma fills the kitchen. I bring it as a comforting finish to group meals. Tender apples and crumb topping stick around in holiday memories.
Get the Recipe: Warm Apple Cobbler

Hearty Red Lentil Soup

A bowl of lentil curry garnished with chopped cilantro and a swirl of cream, with a spoon in the bowl. — Hearty Red Lentil Soup. Photo credit: Two City Vegans.

Gentle heat from autumn soups provides relief after a busy day spent together. Bowls of this Hearty Red Lentil Soup attract guests to the table with their earthy scent. I prepare it for easy sharing among friends and family. Soft texture and mild flavor encourage seconds.
Get the Recipe: Hearty Red Lentil Soup

Crunchy Celery Salad

A bowl filled with chopped celery, red onion, apples, almonds, and fresh herbs. — Crunchy Celery Salad. Photo credit: Splash of Taste.

Unique crunch and cool dressing offer a refreshing twist for traditional potlucks. Most people reach for this Crunchy Celery Salad when they need a palate cleanser. I love putting it out for lighter snacking. Clean flavors clear space for bigger plates.
Get the Recipe: Crunchy Celery Salad

Warm Pumpkin Spiced Muffins

A stack of pumpkin spiced muffins on a plate. — Warm Pumpkin Spiced Muffins. Photo credit: Splash of Taste.

Muffins fit every gathering, especially when packed with rich fall flavors. Groups anticipate this Warm Pumpkin Spiced Muffins at early morning events. I bring a batch to seasonal breakfasts. Aromatic spices and soft crumb make each bite memorable.
Get the Recipe: Warm Pumpkin Spiced Muffins

Colorful 7 Layer Salad

A salad bowl filled with vegetables and peas. — Colorful 7 Layer Salad. Photo credit: Splash of Taste.

Potluck tables sparkle with layered salads filled with crisp vegetables. Excitement spreads when people spot this Colorful 7 Layer Salad on the buffet. I make it for those seeking freshness beside heavier comfort foods. Rainbow colors catch the eye and start the stories.
Get the Recipe: Colorful 7 Layer Salad

Smoky Muhammara with Pita Bread

A bowl of tomato-based dip garnished with chopped parsley and walnuts, with pita bread pieces on the side. — Smoky Muhammara with Pita Bread. Photo credit: Two City Vegans.

Spreads and dips invite easy conversations in big gatherings. Praise finds this Smoky Muhammara with Pita Bread at autumn potlucks. I rely on bold flavors for quick starters. Roasted ingredients and warm bread build instant community.
Get the Recipe: Smoky Muhammara with Pita Bread

Gooey Pumpkin S’mores Cookie Cake

Two slices of pumpkin s'mores pie on a white plate, topped with chocolate chips, graham crackers, and toasted marshmallows. — Gooey Pumpkin S’mores Cookie Cake. Photo credit: Pocket Friendly Recipes.

Cookie cakes keep fun alive at holiday parties, especially with gooey, unexpected fillings. Laughter surrounds this Gooey Pumpkin S’mores Cookie Cake at friendly gatherings. I serve it at dessert tables for playful snacking. Pumped-up s’mores flavors add a fall twist.
Get the Recipe: Gooey Pumpkin S’mores Cookie Cake

Tender Cauliflower Steaks

Cauliflower steaks with pomegranate and pistachios on a plate. — Tender Cauliflower Steaks. Photo credit: Splash of Taste.

Main dishes for plant-based diners can shine front and center. Comments buzz around this Tender Cauliflower Steaks after the first slice. I pick it for potlucks needing savory vegetarian options. Charred edges make a bold statement on any buffet.
Get the Recipe: Tender Cauliflower Steaks

Cheesy Eggplant Casserole

A slice of cheesy eggplant lasagna with tomato sauce is being lifted from a pan, showing stretchy melted cheese. A bowl is blurred in the background. — Cheesy Eggplant Casserole. Photo credit: Splash of Taste.

Hearty casseroles bring lasting comfort through thick slices and cheesy layers. Plates empty quickly for this Cheesy Eggplant Casserole after the first serving. I bake it for friends who love bold, classic flavors. Rich texture and savory notes always work for group meals.
Get the Recipe: Cheesy Eggplant Casserole

Oreo Balls

Assorted chocolate truffles, some coated in white and dark chocolate, with one bitten to show the rich chocolate filling inside. Crumbled cookies are sprinkled on top. — Oreo Balls. Photo credit: Splash of Taste.

Bite-sized treats transport dessert tables from classic to creative. People can’t wait to try this Oreo Balls when sweets hit the spotlight. I stash extra freeze-ahead portions for busy events. Crisp coating and creamy centers spark excitement.
Get the Recipe: Oreo Balls

Rich Creamed Spinach

A bowl of creamy spinach topped with grated cheese, being stirred with a spoon. — Rich Creamed Spinach. Photo credit: Pocket Friendly Recipes.

Spinach rounds out heavier dishes at holiday buffets with a silky touch. Guests scoop up this Rich Creamed Spinach especially at big dinners. I rely on it for a green side with clear comfort. Smooth texture and lively color complement roasted entrees.
Get the Recipe: Rich Creamed Spinach

Creamy Mac and Cheese

Close-up of a creamy, golden-brown macaroni and cheese dish with a crunchy breadcrumb topping reminiscent of comforting funeral potatoes. A spoon is partially submerged in the cheese sauce. — Creamy Mac and Cheese. Photo credit: Pocket Friendly Recipes.

Cheesy noodles promise comfort at any age, especially during Thanksgiving. Eyes widen as steam rises from this Creamy Mac and Cheese. I stick with it for get-togethers that need crowd appeal. Velvety sauce and soft pasta turn simple sides into special moments.
Get the Recipe: Creamy Mac and Cheese

Matcha Tiramisu

A close-up of a slice of tiramisu topped with green matcha powder, served on a ceramic plate. — Matcha Tiramisu. Photo credit: Splash of Taste.

Dessert with a hint of green makes every potluck a bit more adventurous. Compliments stack up for this Matcha Tiramisu at trendy gatherings. I use it for crowds open to new flavors. Cream and crumb layers surprise with every spoonful.
Get the Recipe: Matcha Tiramisu

Layered Spinach and Ricotta Lasagna

A lasagna being dished up. — Layered Spinach and Ricotta Lasagna. Photo credit: Splash of Taste.

Casseroles with creamy filling become the backbone of holiday spreads. Energy lifts as this Layered Spinach and Ricotta Lasagna lands on the table. I save it for big crowds looking for easy serving. Soft cheese pairs perfectly with bright greens.
Get the Recipe: Layered Spinach and Ricotta Lasagna

Fun Rolo Pretzel Thanksgiving Turkeys

A festive plate of Rolo Pretzel Thanksgiving Turkeys crafted with chocolate, pretzels, candy corn, and candy eyes. — Fun Rolo Pretzel Thanksgiving Turkeys. Photo credit: Hungry Cooks Kitchen.

Holiday parties buzz with creative treats that spark smiles. Kids and grown-ups talk about this Fun Rolo Pretzel Thanksgiving Turkeys long after dessert disappears. I offer them up at potluck events for playful moments. Chocolate and crunch merge for a crowd-pleasing twist.
Get the Recipe: Fun Rolo Pretzel Thanksgiving Turkeys

Rolled Pumpkin Cake With Cream Filling

A slice of pumpkin roll being sprinkled with powdered sugar. — Rolled Pumpkin Cake With Cream Filling. Photo credit: Splash of Taste.

Cakes spiraled with cream frosting never fail to catch the crowd’s eye. Autumn events brighten up when this Rolled Pumpkin Cake With Cream Filling rolls out. I keep it on hand for seasonal desserts packed with joy. Rich pumpkin and sweet layers win every time.
Get the Recipe: Rolled Pumpkin Cake With Cream Filling

Classic Southern Cornbread

Close-up of two stacked pieces of cornbread with melted butter on top, showcasing a golden-brown crust and moist, crumbly texture. — Classic Southern Cornbread. Photo credit: Splash of Taste.

Southern cornbread brings golden color and hearty flavor to every meal. Hands reach for this Classic Southern Cornbread as soon as the bread basket circulates. I bake extra for potluck tables with heavy favorites. Soft crumb and homey warmth make it unforgettable.
Get the Recipe: Classic Southern Cornbread

Sweet and Spicy Cranberry Jalapeño Dip

A platter of whipped cheese topped with roasted cranberries, chopped herbs, and sliced green onions. — Sweet and Spicy Cranberry Jalapeño Dip. Photo credit: Hungry Cooks Kitchen.

Dinners turn lively with dips that balance sweet fruit and heat. Comments fly for this Sweet and Spicy Cranberry Jalapeño Dip at festive gatherings. I depend on it for a fun start to group spreads. Unique taste guarantees a full plate every time.
Get the Recipe: Sweet and Spicy Cranberry Jalapeño Dip

Easy Banana Pudding

Banana pudding in a bowl with whipped cream and bananas. — Easy Banana Pudding. Photo credit: Splash of Taste.

Classic American desserts tug at nostalgia just when sweet is needed. Cheer rings loud for this Easy Banana Pudding at all ages. I layer it up for holiday crowds seeking comfort. Creamy filling and soft cookie combine for quick smiles.
Get the Recipe: Easy Banana Pudding

Cheesy Funeral Potatoes

Casseroles made for sharing often become the hit of Thanksgiving parties. Polite fights erupt over this Cheesy Funeral Potatoes because everybody wants a second spoonful. I prepare it for busy nights when easy comfort matters. Melted cheese and simple flavor pack a punch.
Get the Recipe: Cheesy Funeral Potatoes

Classic Deviled Eggs

Deviled eggs with cranberry sauce on a platter. — Classic Deviled Eggs. Photo credit: Splash of Taste.

Cold appetizers stay popular from brunch to dinner, especially during seasonal events. People line up for this Classic Deviled Eggs at every holiday meal. I double the batch for larger groups. Tangy filling inside soft whites sets holiday standards.
Get the Recipe: Classic Deviled Eggs

Rich Blueberry Cheesecake

A slice of cheesecake topped with glossy blueberry sauce on a white plate, with two black spoons beside it. — Rich Blueberry Cheesecake. Photo credit: Your Perfect Recipes.

Cheesecake with bursts of berry flavor looks elegant and delivers deep comfort. Slices of this Rich Blueberry Cheesecake never last long at autumn potlucks. I serve it to finish meals with a sweet flourish. Cream cheese and bright fruit bring smiles.
Get the Recipe: Rich Blueberry Cheesecake

Perfectly Roasted Whole Cauliflower

Roasted cauliflower head cut in half, garnished with chopped parsley, on a white plate. — Perfectly Roasted Whole Cauliflower. Photo credit: Splash of Taste.

Main course vegetables can earn the spotlight when cooked just right. Compliments follow this Perfectly Roasted Whole Cauliflower on celebratory tables. I lean on it for dramatic displays at communal meals. Charred heads and soft centers break tradition.
Get the Recipe: Perfectly Roasted Whole Cauliflower

Creamy, Cheesy Broccoli Soup

A close-up of a bowl of broccoli cheddar soup garnished with croutons, a sprig of mint, and grated cheese. — Creamy, Cheesy Broccoli Soup. Photo credit: Splash of Taste.

Soup bowls bubbling with cream and cheese make cold weather gatherings that much cozier. Smiles greet this Creamy, Cheesy Broccoli Soup when it first hits the table. I offer it for potlucks packed with comfort food. Velvety spoonfuls blend green veggies with heartwarming texture.
Get the Recipe: Creamy, Cheesy Broccoli Soup

Soft Cinnamon Sugar Blondies

Close-up of sliced crumbly cakes topped with white icing. One piece is positioned vertically to show its texture. — Soft Cinnamon Sugar Blondies. Photo credit: Hungry Cooks Kitchen.

Blondies dusted with warm spice create sweet anticipation at dessert tables. Heads nod for another bite of this Soft Cinnamon Sugar Blondies wherever gatherings are relaxed and homey. I bake them for moments that call for chewy treats. Simple flavor goes perfectly with autumn evenings.
Get the Recipe: Soft Cinnamon Sugar Blondies

Sourdough Stuffing

A close-up of a serving of bread stuffing with chopped herbs, lifted from a baking dish. — Sourdough Stuffing. Photo credit: Hungry Cooks Kitchen.

Stuffing made with tangy sourdough stands out among holiday spreads and traditional sides. The aroma of this Sourdough Stuffing attracts guests well before meals begin. I use it to mix old and new at the Thanksgiving table. Crunch and bold flavor keep people talking.
Get the Recipe: Sourdough Stuffing

Crispy Garlic Parmesan Smashed Potatoes

Several smashed, roasted baby potatoes garnished with herbs and grated cheese are arranged on a baking sheet. — Crispy Garlic Parmesan Smashed Potatoes. Photo credit: Pocket Friendly Recipes.

Crispy edges and rich cheese make a memorable side at any autumn feast. Groups scramble for this Crispy Garlic Parmesan Smashed Potatoes as plates fill with seasonal favorites. I prep extra for big gatherings so nobody misses out. Crunchy bites paired with buttery taste always impress.
Get the Recipe: Crispy Garlic Parmesan Smashed Potatoes

Crunchy Biscoff Sandwich Cookies

Three peanut butter sandwich cookies are stacked, with the top cookie showing a large bite taken out. Crumbs and cookie pieces are scattered on a parchment-lined surface. — Crunchy Biscoff Sandwich Cookies. Photo credit: Splash of Taste.

Cookies with spread filling charm guests with crunch and flavor. Grins appear around the cookie tray filled with this Crunchy Biscoff Sandwich Cookies at festive gatherings. I put them out for unique snacks in autumn. Layers and crisp texture create lasting memories.
Get the Recipe: Crunchy Biscoff Sandwich Cookies

Creamy Roasted Pumpkin Hummus

A bowl of hummus with chickpeas and herbs. — Creamy Roasted Pumpkin Hummus. Photo credit: Two City Vegans.

Dips with a seasonal twist spark curiosity before the meal even starts. Friends reach for this Creamy Roasted Pumpkin Hummus at potluck tables. I love sharing it as an unexpected appetizer. Warm pumpkin and smooth texture bring comfort before the main feast.
Get the Recipe: Creamy Roasted Pumpkin Hummus

Savory Stuffed Mushrooms

Bite-sized mushrooms make appetizers fun and easy during cool weather events. People gather close for this Savory Stuffed Mushrooms before dinner begins. I bake a big batch for autumn meals. Rich, earthy filling satisfies every hand at the platter.
Get the Recipe: Savory Stuffed Mushrooms